My Pregnancy This Week_32 Saturday, Jun 30 2007

Help for breathlessness, and why your baby kicks at night

To accommodate you and your baby’s growing needs, your blood volume has  increased 40 to 50 percent since you got pregnant. With your uterus pushing  up near your diaphragm and crowding your stomach, the consequences may  be shortness of breath and heartburn. To help relieve your discomfort, try sleeping propped up with pillows and eating smaller meals more often.  You may have increasing lower-back pain as your pregnancy advances. Both hormonal and other factors may be contributing to this discomfort: Hormones make your ligaments more lax, your abdominal muscles are stretched, your growing uterus may put pressure on some nerves, and the extra weight you’re carrying up front changes your posture and further strains your back. You might feel some pain in your buttocks and thighs as well. Breathlessness Huffing and puffing more than usual? To cope: • Take it slow. Be realistic about what you can and can’t do, and listen to your body. If an activity seems too taxing, it is. • Watch your posture. Your lungs will have more room to expand if you hold your shoulders back to keep from slumping over. • Prop yourself up. You may find that you’re able to breathe more deeply at night if you elevate your head and chest with extra pillows. Why does my baby always kick at night? Many moms-to-be report that their babies seem more active at night, but why this is, nobody knows. The traditional explanation has been that pregnant women are more likely to notice movement when they’re still and quiet. But at least one study has found a different answer: Researchers in Canada monitored pregnant women on bed rest and determined that their babies were most active late at night —  even when their mothers spent 24 hours a day lying flat. One possible explanation for this is that babies like to move, and when you’re sleeping, your baby has more incentive to move on her own, according to Dr. Mark Taslimi, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Lucille Packard Children’s Hospital in Palo Alto, California.

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尊重孩子說「不」的權利，是非常重要的事 Thursday, Jun 28 2007

已近三歲的Ｇ小弟，正聚精會神地玩著剛買的迷你車。現場來了一位與他同齡的Ｎ小弟，那位Ｎ小弟一邊說「借我玩」，一邊伸手去抓迷你車。可是，Ｇ小弟緊抱著迷你車不放。

於是，Ｇ小弟的媽媽對他說：「把迷你車借給Ｎ小弟，跟朋友一起玩好不好？」平時聽媽媽話的Ｇ小弟，今天卻搖頭不肯放下迷你車。媽媽只好用更強硬的口氣要求他：「借給他嘛！」雖然Ｇ小弟心有不服，但最後還是借給了Ｎ小弟。

Ｎ小弟的媽媽代Ｎ小弟致謝說：「謝謝，Ｇ小弟馬上借我們玩具，他真是個好孩子。」Ｇ小弟的媽媽聽到讚美，也很得意地說：「我家孩子真的很乖巧，跟誰都可以合得來。」

可是，這種情形真的可以說是和平共處嗎？在孩子爭奪玩具即將吵架前，媽媽們強力介入仲裁，使得Ｇ小弟在沒辦法表達「不」的情況下，便照對方的意思做了。這樣的和平模式，不過是當下的情境罷了。

參加公民館的親職教育講座，幾乎常常聽到媽媽這樣說：「哥哥很大方，願意借人家玩具，可是妹妹就霸道了，說什麼也不願意借給別人。」「我家孩子借人家玩具，不用太費力氣。當然，別人向他借時，一開始不會馬上答應，可是過一會兒，我再問他一次，他便爽快地借給別人了。」

媽媽們常一廂情願地認為，願意馬上借人東西的孩子就是好孩子，然後還不時設法讓孩子能大方借東西給別人。五千萬圓恐嚇事件也是如此，恐嚇者與被恐嚇者乍見之下似乎交情不錯，導致周遭的人根本不知道有恐嚇這回事。被害人為了不想被同伴排擠，或是為了維繫彼此的交情而不敢違逆對方，才對加害者言聽計從。

偷偷拿家裡錢的高中生小Ｋ說：「沒有錢就沒有朋友。」於是他變成到電玩店、卡拉ＯＫ店替人付錢的人。媽媽力行「公園育兒」教導自家孩子，「自己不想做的事不可說不，因為怕破壞別人的心情」，這樣的作法難道真的是為孩子好嗎？

與同伴爭奪玩具或吵架，是了不起的自我主張表現

一歲二個月大的Ｒ小弟個性非常活潑。到公園玩，一看到別人的玩具就想要摸，甚至準備伸手搶去玩。較年長的孩子們很討厭別人隨便玩自己的玩具，只要Ｒ小弟靠近，他們立刻對他說：「去那邊玩啦。」看到Ｒ小弟和其他一歲孩子搶玩具，較年長的孩子們會跑過來，搶走Ｒ小弟手上的玩具，拿給一歲的小朋友。

Ｒ小弟的媽媽不禁納悶，較年長的孩子對Ｒ小弟如此不懷好意，難道只因為Ｒ小弟過度活潑嗎？仔細再想想，這也是理所當然的事。Ｒ小弟個性活潑，就連較年長孩子們的玩具他都想要摸一下，碰到這種情形，那些孩子的媽媽常會強制他們說：「你是大哥哥（大姐姐），就借他玩嘛！」然後，那些孩子一說「不」就被大人叱責。因著Ｒ小弟的關係，較年長的孩子們常被媽媽叱責，所以對他心生反感。

從Ｒ小弟媽媽的立場來看，如果對方的孩子斷然拒絕：「不要，我不要借給他啦！」她反而覺得更輕鬆。這麼一來，Ｒ小弟便知道不能事事順從己意，也不會繼續任性。可能的話，也許三次當中有一次，較年長的孩子願意主動借Ｒ小弟玩呢！

在大人不介入的兒童自治團體中，會自然形成一些規矩。年長的孩子們對比較年幼的孩子，雖然有時會逞逞自己的威風，但也不乏親切照顧人的例子。從前這種團體處處可見，可惜現在已經很少看到了。在Ｒ小弟遊戲的地方，經常看到媽媽嚴厲教訓孩子的身影，要他們的孩子「玩具不管是誰的，都希望他們輪流玩。其他小朋友開口借，就一定得借人家玩。」

對於這些年長孩子的媽媽「前輩」們不開口說：「那是孩子們的事，我們看著就好了。」Ｒ小弟的媽媽感覺很困擾。孩子說「ＮＯ！」會惹媽媽生氣，會被當作是不聽話的孩子；換句話說，不可以講「ＮＯ！」，其實是來自媽媽禁止孩子說的緣故。

外國人經常這樣批評：「日本人不善於會議中的討論，因為只要稍持反對意見，便彷彿是對他人格的否定。」其中原因就出在這裡。（編按：也因此日本人常被說成「不會說不的民族」，許多的書籍都在討論這個議題。）

沒有人說「ＮＯ！」，大家採取一致的行動，這其實與排除異己的精神有關。對於一件事，當然有「ＹＥＳ！」、「ＮＯ！」、「保留意見」等選擇。相互確認意見的異同，才能發表共同的主張或彼此妥協，真正理解對方的意見。

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學寫字 先做好基本功 Tuesday, Jun 26 2007

學前教育

學寫字　先做好基本功 文／林孟容　學前教育雜誌特約編輯 平常很喜歡塗鴉的小雯子，看到念小一的小表姊練習寫字的生字簿，她也來參一腳，認真地拿筆在簿子上「寫」字，雖然小雯子剛上幼兒園，但媽媽還是很擔心現在拿筆會不會太早？ 寫字是很精細的操作能力，除了涉及神經系統，配合手臂、手腕及手指各部位的肌肉協調，手眼統整能力更是不可缺乏，還得具備對抽象符號的了解與記憶。 精準思考整合操作 才算會寫 更精確地來說，感覺統合專家高麗芷在《感覺統合》（信誼）一書中指出：在完成「寫字」這個動作之前，孩子要透過眼睛瞭解字的大小、形狀及紙筆的位置關係，再透過手部的觸覺及運動覺，正確感覺手中的筆，並能使出適度的力量。 其次，前庭平衡系統也要發展健全，手部抓握才能收放自如，身軀及手臂才能維持正確的姿勢，使手指及手腕能靈活的活動；另外，手指的小肌肉彼此要能夠協調，才能維持正確的握筆方式；在認知發展上，孩子要具有方向感，能分清左右、上下、前後等位置關係，才能寫出正確的筆順。 塗鴉打底　先畫字再寫字 好消息是，學寫字的發展過程與畫畫類似，1歲左右的孩子就會手握筆在紙上亂點亂塗，畫出沒有意義的線條；接下來變成較有組織的塗鴉，且不斷重複書寫，慢慢學習控制手的運筆。在能夠進行畫直線、橫線、圓形、三角形、正方形等比較精細的塗鴉後，4歲至8歲之間才開始畫出「像樣」的圖畫。 有「書畫同源」之稱的中國字是由許多不同的點、線、撇、鉤等組成的，比線形、各種形狀更複雜；要能夠「寫字」，孩子必須有能力分辨字的結構，再將每種結構「畫」出來，並組合在一起，才算會「寫」。 認知成熟　寫字水到渠成 在過程中，可能會發生一些大人擔心的怪現象，例如由於知覺和對物體的方向的觀察不夠，寫的字會有左右相反的情形，例如「由」寫成「甲」等，但這會隨著空間概念的漸趨成熟而自行消除。當了解上下、左右、前後等相關位置，字形才易端正，字的左右大小搭配、長線短線的比例與位置才會正確。就像古人習字時臨摹字帖與描紅，也與空間位置的學習有關。 大約5歲半左右，才具有預備學習寫字的成熟度，再經過良好的指導，就可以把筆拿得很好。但是會執筆和會寫字是兩回事，在還沒有發展到執筆寫字的階段，就要學寫字會適得其反。也許剛開始「寫」得很勤快，但之後會出現握姿不良、施力不當、筆順不佳、出現挫折感等問題，但是大人卻誤以為孩子懶得寫字而加重「罰寫」，這讓孩子用更多時間去做能力不足以應付的事，只會更痛恨寫字喔！ 讓寫字變好玩4tips 基本功　從生活遊戲開始 坐姿時背的挺直、頭頸的位置、雙腳的平穩著地等，都會影響寫字的耐力與能力。玩騎木馬、盪鞦韆、溜滑梯有助於前庭（平衡）系統發展，讓手抓握自如，背部能維持筆直穩定的姿勢，手指、手腕、手肘皆能靈活協調。 玩沙、跳繩、跳床等，則讓手腳多活動，增進身體兩側的整合能力。堆積木、串珠、玩拼圖、穿線、玩黏土則可培養手眼協調、手指靈活、視覺區辨等技巧。 塗鴉　發現書畫的可能 讓孩子隨心所欲畫畫，並熟悉各種基本筆畫，例如︰點、橫線、直線、斜線、圓形、三角形等各種圖形，或用遊戲引導孩子畫下雨、畫好多氣球的天空等，可增加手指和手腕的運動，促進小肌肉的控制能力，並發展握筆技巧和語文表達的能力。 孩子塗鴉的信心與意願會因為爸媽的反應而改變，爸媽不必急著說「寫得對」「畫得好」，只需在遊戲的氣氛中配合畫面文字的說明，讓孩子自動自發的進行。畫得歪斜或不像都無所謂，重點是孩子能享受遊戲的趣味，爸媽也能理解他所要表達的情感，與他分享喜悅和成果。 畫畫畫字　要從大空間到小空間 把遊戲室四周貼滿白紙，或準備一面大木板貼滿白紙讓孩子畫畫，有些媽媽還利用浴室整片磁磚牆好洗好擦的特性呢！最常見就是準備不同大小、各種質地的紙，再墊些厚紙，以免孩子用力過猛戳破；紙上不要有格子或底線，這些限制對孩子沒有意義。先在比較大的空間裏塗鴉或「畫」字，等到畫得不錯了，再在較小的空間裏用較細的筆寫字。 切勿讓孩子使用成人用筆。較粗、色深、好握的蠟筆或胖胖的色筆，可以減少握姿不良、施力不當的問題；細馬克筆則是孩子剛學寫字時，最好、最容易使用的筆，輕輕一畫，便會出現清楚的筆跡。要留意孩子的坐姿和握筆距離，不要握得太緊或靠得太近，爸媽示範正確握姿與筆順。 不只在認字 從生活語文深度學習 常看圖畫書、聽故事可以引發孩子對書的興趣，增進造句、講故事等語文表達的能力。當「字」引起孩子注意時，舉凡商店招牌、報紙標題，或生活中所見事物，都可以教導相關語彙，還能促進他思考想像的空間，例如，不必急著教他寫「爸爸」兩個字，先聊聊爸爸在做什麼、帶他到爸爸公司逛逛、讓他畫爸爸等。 當認字能力開始發展，可以把字寫在卡片，給孩子辨認。由於辨別異同是寫字的重要條件之一，讓孩子找出兩張圖片或物體異同之處，或在一堆類似的事物中挑出不同，都能幫助孩子發展由簡而繁的辨別異同能力，日後才能精確區別字與字之間細微的差異，例如︰田不等於由。

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我不能救全世界，但我一定可以幫助一個人 Saturday, Jun 23 2007

打開GoodTv，張茂松牧師在說未婚懷孕小媽媽的事。

我又是一陣寒顫。

如果今天我不認識祢，我是不是還會把妳留下？

我真的真的害怕…

以前會覺得：

“有什麼大不了的？”  “不要拿責任來嚇唬我！”

唉…

真的很糟。

當初殊不知，真正的負責任，並不只是兩情相悅就說的過去。

若沒有看到大局，怎叫真正的深思熟慮？

若沒有替”他人”的生命著想，又怎麼懂得愛惜自己的？

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My Pregnancy this week_31 Saturday, Jun 23 2007

Leaking breasts and Braxton-Hicks contractions   Coping with breast leaks and growth Your breasts are gearing up to produce milk for your baby. Here’s how to get through this transitional stage: • Protect your clothes by wearing cotton nursing pads (available at most maternity boutiques and large drugstores). These small, cup-shaped absorbent pads come in both disposable and washable varieties and can be slipped inconspicuously inside your bra to soak up any liquid. •  If your current bra is too snug and you plan to breastfeed, consider buying and wearing a nursing bra. You’ll need one in a few months anyway and the fabric is often thicker than that of a regular bra so it can absorb slight or infrequent leaks. Buy a nursing bra at least one cup size bigger than you are now to accommodate the swelling that will take place when your milk comes in. You may have noticed some leaking of colostrum, or “premilk,” from your breasts lately. Some expectant moms experience this leaking, others don’t. Either way, you can rest assured that your breasts are doing what they need to do to prepare for feeding your baby.Have you noticed the muscles in your uterus tightening now and then? Many women feel these random contractions — called Braxton Hicks contractions — in the second half of pregnancy. Often lasting about 30 seconds, they’re irregular, and at this point, they should be infrequent and painless. Frequent contractions, on the other hand — even those that don’t hurt — may be a sign of preterm labor. Call your practitioner immediately if you have more than four contractions in an hour or any other signs of preterm labor: an increase in vaginal discharge or a change in the type of discharge (if it becomes watery, mucus-like, or bloody — even if it’s pink or just tinged with blood); abdominal pain or menstrual-like cramping; an increase in pressure in the pelvic area; or low back pain, especially if you didn’t have it before. Why are my breasts leaking?Any fluid leaking from your breasts is a sign that your body is preparing to feed your baby. What you’re seeing is colostrum, a yellowish fat-rich substance that will nourish your baby before your actual milk comes in a few days after birth. Your body starts producing colostrum in the last few months of pregnancy, and any leakage is a sign that things are right on track, says Katy Lebbing, a board-certified lactation consultant with La Leche League International. “If you don’t have leakage, that’s normal too,” she says. “It’s just your body’s natural way of doing things.”

Nutrition Nibbles: 3 perfect pregnancy dinners   ADVERTISEMENT Wondering what to eat tonight? These dinner ideas from Nicole Britvan, a dietitian at Kaiser Permanente Outpatient Nutrition Clinic in San Francisco, have the ideal mix of nutrients and flavor for pregnant women. • Stir Fry Make a large stir-fry with chicken, shrimp, or tofu. To make it super fast, buy bags of frozen precut veggies and heat in a skillet with low-sodium soy sauce or olive, peanut, or sesame oil. Serve over brown rice. • Chicken Breast Bake or broil a 4- to 5-ounce chicken breast (marinate in lemon juice and oregano for extra zip). Add 1 to 2 cups of your favorite steamed veggies, and a baked sweet potato or regular potato topped with plain yogurt and salsa or low-fat cheese. • Chicken Quesadilla Fill 1 whole-wheat tortilla with 1 to 2 ounces of reduced fat cheese and 1 to 2 ounces of chicken, shrimp, or tofu. Add salsa or chopped tomatoes, lettuce, and a few tablespoons of fat-free refried beans for extra fiber! Serve with a handful of unsalted tortilla chips.

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0622′07 Friday, Jun 22 2007

魯克鴨對我一直看小福影片日記昨天又再聽玫怡放上網站的錄音很不了。

http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=mimisister&b=38&f=1439484574&p=0

『妳幹嘛一直看人家小孩？』

哈哈。

他                         超                    可  愛

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What’s behind those weird pregnancy dreams Monday, Jun 18 2007

This is really something funny. I never dream like THIS before__ I mean before I got pregnant. The content was… awkard, may I say?

June 18, 2007

	Top Story • What’s behind those weird pregnancy dreams • Why pregnancy affects dreams In the News • Prenatal smoke may affect sons’ fertility (Reuters) • Depression a problem for new dads (HealthDay) From Our Sponsors Learn more and save with Maternity Card Ask the Experts • How soon can I travel after my baby’s birth? • Is it safe to take antibiotics during pregnancy? What those dreams mean

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Amazing Grace__ by Chris Tomlin Saturday, Jun 16 2007

Amazing Grace__ by Chris Tomlin

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Martian Child Saturday, Jun 16 2007

             

 

so, Martian Child?

John Cusack and his sister on the the screen TOGETHER again!

I wonder what kind of name’s appearing here in TW…

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My Pregnancy This Week Thursday, Jun 14 2007

http://www.babycenter.com/mybabycenter/130.html?scid=mbtw_preg31:20070611:0:0:0

Coping with clumsiness and mood swings   Coping with clumsiness You don’t have the same agility you used to, so you’ll need to be more careful to avoid slips and falls.• Climb steps or negotiate slippery sidewalks slowly and while holding handrails whenever possible. •  Go slow and hold on to something when getting in and out of the shower or tub. •  Wear low-heeled shoes with rubber soles. •  Now’s not the time to run to catch the bus or train. Give yourself a few extra minutes to get there or wait for the next one. •  Don’t even think about getting on a ladder or standing on a chair to change a light bulb. Remember, this is your time to take advantage of helping hands around you — don’t try to do it all on your own. You may be feeling a little tired these days, especially if you’re having trouble sleeping. You might also feel clumsier than normal, which is perfectly understandable. Not only are you heavier, but the concentration of weight in your pregnant belly causes a shift in your center of gravity. Plus, thanks to hormonal changes, your ligaments are more lax, so your joints are looser, which may also contribute to your balance being a bit off.Remember those mood swings you had earlier in pregnancy? The combination of uncomfortable symptoms and hormonal changes can result in a return of those emotional ups and downs. It’s normal to worry about what your labor will be like or whether you’ll be a good parent. But if you can’t shake the blues or feel increasingly irritable or agitated, talk to your doctor or midwife. You may be among the 1 in 10 expectant women who battle depression during pregnancy. Also let your caregiver know if you’re frequently nervous or anxious. Why should I do Kegel exercises?Kegel exercises — tightening and holding the muscles around your vagina and urethra — can help prevent urinary incontinence now and after pregnancy. By strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder, Kegel exercises can help counteract the pressure of an enlarged uterus during pregnancy. As few as 30 Kegels a day can prevent urinary incontinence, according to Carolyn Sampselle, a professor of nursing at the University of Michigan. Get detailed instructions on how to do them.

Couples Corner: Three simple ways to make your relationship stronger   ADVERTISEMENT Pregnancy can be stressful on even the most solid relationships. And once your baby’s born, it’s almost guaranteed you’ll experience some disharmony. Only about a third of couples weather the transition completely unscathed, say researchers at the University of Washington in Seattle.One of the biggest reasons couples hit rough patches is that priorities shift during pregnancy and after the birth of child. Your partner may be feeling pushed to the sidelines now and that will only get worse once your baby arrives. “In some cases it can take years for a man to recover from the resentments he started to feel during pregnancy,” says Sheldon Walker, a marriage and family therapist in Calgary, Canada. “Those feelings can get stronger after the baby comes home.” What can you do now to strengthen your bond? 1. Talk a lot. “Before your baby is born, talk about the roles that you’d each like to take as parents,” suggests Walker. Will you be breastfeeding? Then maybe Dad can handle all the middle-of-the-night diaper changes? “It might sound silly to lay these roles out now, especially since things will almost certainly change once the baby actually arrives,” says Walker. “But just having discussions about expectations will help prevent some arguments down the road.” 2. Ask your partner what his dreams are for the baby. “Women tend to talk about what they hope for their children, but men aren’t always as open about it,” says Walker. Asking your partner what he wants for the baby — does he dream of coaching your son in Little League, or want to teach your daughter to play guitar? — will help him feel more essential to the whole experience. 3. “Every couple of days, check in on the state of your union,” suggests Walker. Ask questions like: Are you feeling tired, left out, overwhelmed, irritated, satisfied? “Just touching base every two days or so — and, of course, doing what you can to help your partner — can actually preserve a relationship,” he says.

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